Eat your way to lighter skin

Caring for Oily Skin


Follow these simple steps and you’ll do your oily skin a huge favor.

Don’t overwash. This isn’t a hygiene issue, so washing more often won’t help. When you do wash or bathe, use lukewarm (not hot) water and a cleanser specially formulated for oily skin. Look for gentle products that contain glycerin or salicylic acid, which can help keep pores clear. Avoid cleansing “milks,” which contain lipids that can make skin feel greasier.
Consider retinoids. Talk to your dermatologist about medications that decrease oil production; retinoids come in both over-the-counter and prescription-strength versions.
Dry before you apply. Let skin dry completely before applying any topical medications or moisturizers so you don’t clog those pores.
Go oil-free. The last thing your skin needs is extra oil, so opt for oil-free skin-care products and cosmetics. And while you’re at it, make sure all products are fragrance-free and nonirritating too.
Moisturize wisely. If your skin needs a moisture boost, go with a light, oil-free product and apply sparingly.
Wear sunscreen. Look for an oil-free, broad-spectrum block with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 15 or higher. And wear it every day, year-round!
Soak it up. One easy way to absorb oil without having to wash your face and reapply your makeup is to use blotting sheets. Stash a pack in your purse or desk to soak up “puddles” throughout the day.
A final word: If your oily skin is also accompanied by breakouts or a more serious acne problem, talk to your dermatologist about acne treatments and a skin-care regimen you can follow while caring for your oily skin.

Caring for Dry skin


Properly hydrated skin is beautiful: soft and smooth. But dehydrated skin — also known as dry skin, xerosis, and winter itch — is dull and rough. Not only can it look awful — especially if it leads to severe flaking, deep cracks, or inflamed pink or red patches — but it can also feel awful, especially if it causes such intense itching that you feel clad head to toe in wool.

Fortunately, most cases of dry skin are mild and temporary, usually the result of environmental exposures such as low humidity or harsh soaps. These cases can easily be prevented or treated at home. But severe or persistent dry skin may point to a more serious condition that needs medical evaluation and treatment.

The Causes of Dry Skin

Although dry skin can develop anywhere, it most often appears on the legs (especially the shins), the flanks (the area between the bottom of the rib cage and the hips), and the backs of the hands. Dry skin is especially problematic in people 60 and older because of the natural loss of protective skin oils.

Common environmental causes of dry skin include:

Low humidity. If you live in a northern climate, dry skin may be more noticeable during winter, especially if you have a forced-air heating system. But if you live in an arid climate, dry skin may be a problem all year long.
Frequent showers and baths. Hot water breaks down the skin's protective fats. So do harsh soaps and shampoos — particularly those containing deodorants and anti-bacterial ingredients.
Excessive sun exposure. Sunlight dries skin and exposes its lower layers to radiation that damages collagen and elastin fibers. This causes wrinkles, sagging, and the symptoms of dry skin.
Medical conditions associated with dry skin include:

Psoriasis , an autoimmune disorder that causes a buildup of dry skin and silvery scales.
Thyroid disorders, which can decrease the skin's production of protective sweat and oil.
Atopic dermatitis (eczema), an allergic condition that causes itching and inflammation.
In some cases, dry skin can result from a serious and potentially disfiguring disorder called ichthyosis. Other medical conditions that can cause dry skin include diabetes, malnutrition, liver and kidney diseases, lymphoma, and HIV/AIDS.

Home Care for Dry Skin

Simple lifestyle changes can effectively rehydrate the skin. These include:

Short showers. If you limit showers to five or ten minutes — preferably with warm but not hot water, and mild soaps such as Neutrogena, Basis, or Dove that contain added fats — you can add moisture to skin. Longer showers deplete skin moisture.
Moisturizers. Apply a moisturizer — preferably an ointment or cream instead of a lotion — within three minutes after bathing. Contrary to popular belief, moisturizers don't "moisturize" the skin, but provide a protective barrier that prevents water loss. Good choices include ointments and creams containing ingredients such as lactic acid, urea, hyaluronic acid, dimethicone, glycerin, lanolin, mineral oil, or petrolatum (also known as petroleum jelly). Also apply a moisturizer to dry hands after each hand washing.
Humidification. If the relative humidity in your home is below 40 percent, you may need to use either a portable home humidifier or one attached to your furnace.
Skin-friendly fabrics. Choose non-irritating fabrics such as cotton or silk. Washing clothes with unscented detergents may also reduce skin irritation.
Anti-itch strategies. Cool compresses or ointments containing at least 1 percent hydrocortisone may provide relief.
Antibacterial strategies. To prevent infection, apply an antibacterial ointment to cracks, especially those with a tendency to bleed.
When Dry Skin Necessitates a Trip to the Doctor

See your doctor or dermatologist if you:

Experience no relief from home remedies.
Have large areas of scaling and flaking, or a visible rash.
Have dry skin accompanied by redness.
Have open sores or infections from scratching.
Have dryness or itching that interferes with sleep.
Depending on the cause of your dry skin, your doctor or dermatologist may prescribe creams that contain high-strength alpha hydroxy or beta hydroxy acids, urea, propylene glycol, or cortisone. In some cases, you may be prescribed astringent dressings to help contract dry and cracked skin.

There's no need to suffer the agony of dry skin. With proper home care or medical treatment, you can minimize the itching, redness, scaling, and cracks, and make your skin soft and smooth again.

caring for sensitive skin


Acne: Whether you’re a teenager or an adult, acne can rear its pesky little whiteheads and blackheads, especially if you’ve got sensitive skin. From pimples to cysts to pustules, acne is annoying and can even be painful. If your skin is susceptible to breakouts, avoid oil-based skin-care products and cosmetics that can clog pores. And keep in mind that even natural ingredients, like coconut oil and avocado, can upset sensitive skin and lead to breakouts. Your best bets are water-based, oil-free products, especially when it comes to makeup. To treat an acne breakout, your dermatologist may suggest antibacterials such as antibiotic creams or ointments, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and retinoids. Some people also use tea tree oil as a natural remedy.

Rosacea: Rosacea (a skin disease that causes redness and pimples on your nose, cheeks, chin, and forehead) is sometimes called “adult acne” because it can cause outbreaks that look like acne. Rosacea can also cause burning and soreness in the eyes and eyelids. Ouch! The condition often flares up when something triggers blood vessels in the face to expand, which in turn causes redness. Common triggers are exercise, sun and wind exposure, hot weather, stress, spicy foods, alcohol, and hot baths. Swings in temperature from hot to cold or cold to hot can also cause a flare-up. If your sensitive skin is due to rosacea, you likely experience redness, swelling, small pimples, or visible blood vessels on your face when your skin is irritated. Sometimes just the act of caring for your skin can irritate it, so gentle skin care is a must — no vigorous scrubbing and no vitamin C, alpha hydroxy acids, fragrance, or alcohol in anything you put on your face (and that includes cleansers, moisturizers, makeup, and sunblock). The American Academy of Dermatology reports that anti-inflammatory ingredients, such as caffeine, sulfur, some antibiotics, chamomile, green tea, and licorice extract, can reduce inflammation.

Burning or stinging: Nobody knows exactly what causes burning or stinging reactions in sensitive skin, but the AAD recommends you do your best to avoid acidic ingredients, such as lactic acid, azelaic acid, benzoic acid, glycolic acid, vitamin C, and alpha hydroxy acids, since they are all known offenders.

Contact dermatitis: This sensitive skin reaction occurs in two forms. The first is an allergic reaction that involves some kind of rash — a sign that your immune system is making antibodies in response to whatever caused the reaction. The other kind of contact dermatitis is simply a reaction to an irritant on the surface of your skin. If you’ve got skin that’s prone to contact dermatitis, steer clear of skin-care products and cosmetics that contain added fragrance, preservatives, coloring, and formaldehyde, since those ingredients are known to cause rashes in sensitive skin.

General Tips for Caring for Sensitive Skin

Do a patch test before using any new skin-care product or cosmetic
Wash with lukewarm (not hot) water and gentle cleansers
Do not overwash or vigorously scrub skin
Let skin dry before applying topical medications or moisturizers
Moisturize with products specifically formulated for sensitive skin
Look for fragrance-free, nonirritating skin-care and cosmetic products
Avoid wearing clothes made from irritating fibers, such as acrylic or wool
Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 15 that contains at least one of the following sensitive-skin-friendly ingredients: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and silicone (silicone may also be listed as dimethicone or cyclomethicone)
Remember, sensitive skin is a fairly common condition, and products created especially for people with sensitive skin are fairly easy to find. If your skin reactions become severe, see your dermatologist. He or she may recommend a prescription-strength steroid (cortisone) or another type of medication to soothe your symptoms.

Caring for Fair Skin


A smart skin-care regimen should largely depend on the type of skin you’ve got: oily, dry, combination, or normal. But skin tone plays a supporting role, so it’s important for those with a fair complexion to be familiar with conditions they potentially face. How’d you end up with such fair skin? Heredity, for starters. It seems that everyone, regardless of race, has the same amount of melanocyte skin cells, and within those cells are structures known as melanosomes. The reason that fair skin appears lighter is that melanocytes in people with lighter skin tones contain fewer — and smaller — melanosomes than those in darker skin, and those melanosomes produce less melanin, the pigment that colors the skin.

Skin Cancer 
People with fair (or light) skin tend to sunburn easily and are therefore the most susceptible to skin cancer. So while it’s important for everyone, even people with dark skin, to practice smart sun protection, it’s absolutely crucial for people with lighter skin. Fair-skinned folks must be super diligent about applying (and reapplying) broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 15 (though 30 or higher is preferable) year-round. Protective clothing (including a wide-brimmed hat) adds additional layers of defense. Also essential are annual skin exams and mole checks — and alert your dermatologist ASAP if you notice any changes in your skin.

Actinic Keratosis
These scaly, crusty bumps are a precancerous condition that’s more likely to affect people with lighter skin than those with dark complexions. It tends to show up on the parts of the body that receive the most sun exposure — the face, ears, neck, forearms, and backs of the hands — beginning around age 30 and increasing as you age. Peeling or cracking lips after sun exposure, especially the lower lip, might also be a sign of actinic keratosis, and the condition is also common on the scalps of bald men. Actinic keratosis patches can itch, burn, or sting and should be looked at by a dermatologist. One or more of the following treatments may be used: cryosurgery (freezing), light or laser therapy, chemical peels, topical treatments such as cancer-fighting chemotherapy creams, and NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Keep in mind that actinic keratosis can be delayed or prevented with proper sun protection.

Rosacea 
Rosacea (a skin disease that causes redness and pimples on your nose, cheeks, chin, and forehead) is sometimes called adult acne, because it can cause outbreaks that look like acne. Rosacea can also cause burning and soreness in the eyes and eyelids. Though rosacea can affect any skin type, experts believe that people with fair skin have a genetic predisposition toward the condition, and those who are 30 to 50 years old with light skin, blonde hair, and blue eyes are the most likely to develop it.

Rosacea often flares up when something triggers the blood vessels in the face to expand, which in turn causes redness. Common triggers include exercise, sun and wind exposure, hot weather, stress, spicy foods, alcohol, and hot baths. Swings in temperature from hot to cold or cold to hot can also cause a flare-up. Sometimes just the act of caring for your skin can irritate it, so gentle skin care is a must — no vigorous scrubbing and no vitamin C, alpha hydroxy acids, fragrances, or alcohol in anything you put on your face (that includes cleansers, moisturizers, makeup, and sunblock). The American Academy of Dermatology reports that anti-inflammatory ingredients, such as caffeine, sulfur, some antibiotics, chamomile, green tea, and licorice extract, can reduce inflammation.

Caring for fair skin can be easy when you know what kinds of conditions to look out for. Be sure to get annual skin exams and mole checks, and always protect your skin from the sun.

Caring for Darker-Toned Skin


Your complexion type is the blueprint for your basic skin-care regimen. That means the products you choose and cleansing/moisturizing routine you follow should be based on whether your skin is oily, dry, combination, sensitive, or normal. But skin tone plays a role as well. Regardless of race, we all have the same amount of melanocyte skin cells in our bodies, and those contain structures called melanosomes. It’s ultimately the melanosomes, and the melanin they produce (melanin is the pigment that colors the skin) that determine our skin tone. People with dark skin have melanocytes that contain larger melanosomes — and more of them — than people with olive or light brown skin, so their melanosomes make more melanin. People with fair skin have melanocytes that contain fewer and smaller melanosomes than people with medium skin tones, and their melanosomes produce less melanin.


Pigmentation Disorders 
Unfortunately, people with darker skin are more likely to develop pigmentation disorders, such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, vitiligo, and dermatosis papulosa nigra. With postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, an injury to the skin — anything from a pimple or a scrape to a cut or burn — can cause the skin to darken in that spot, either semipermanently or permanently, like a scar. Using sunscreen can help prevent hyperpigmentation, but if that doesn’t work, your dermatologist can prescribe bleaching medication, a chemical peel, or microdermabrasion to correct the pigment color.

Vitiligo causes splotchy white patches to appear when pigment cells are destroyed; experts believe this is caused by an autoimmune disorder. There are a number of different treatments, including steroid creams, laser and light therapies, intense pulsed light (IPL), and skin grafting.

Dermatosis papulosa nigra — also known as flesh moles — are small, raised brown or black spots that usually show up on the cheeks of African American women. The moles are benign, but a dermatologist can remove them for cosmetic reasons if the patient desires.

Keloids
When a wound or skin infection begins to increase in size and extend beyond the borders of the original injury, the resulting condition is called a keloid. These can vary in shape and size and typically look like puffy, dark pink scars. No one’s sure why keloids are more common among people of color. There are many treatments available, including surgery, steroid injections, laser therapy, and cryotherapy (freezing), but the success of these treatments is variable. Your best bet: Ask your dermatologist what he or she recommends.


Skin Cancer Risk
It’s true that those with lighter skin tones have the highest risk of developing skin cancer, but that doesn’t mean people with deeper skin tones are immune to sun damage. That’s because while the extra melanin they possess makes the skin darker, it does not fully protect against the harmful effects of sun exposure. Research has also shown that melanoma can be more aggressive in darker skin and that people with skin of color are less likely to survive a melanoma condition. That’s why year-round sun protection is critical for everyone, no matter their race.

For people with darker-toned skin, it’s important to know that melanoma is more likely to develop on the palms and soles, on or in between fingers and toes, under the fingernails, in or around the mouth or nose, or on the genital area, according to the American Academy of Dermatology. If you notice a new mole, or if an existing spot changes in size, shape, or color — especially in one of these areas — schedule an examination with your dermatologist as soon as possible. In the meantime, continue to see your dermatologist annually for skin and mole checks, and protect your skin from the sun.

When choosing sun protection, look for a lightweight broad-spectrum sunscreen, such as a lotion, gel, or spray with an SPF of at least 15 (30 is even better) that will help protect your skin against harmful UVA and UVB rays. Steer clear of thick sunscreens that contain zinc or titanium, since those ingredients can make darker skin look ashy.

How to Wash Sensitive Skin

If your face gets red or itchy after washing, you might have sensitive skin. Here's how to get clean without the irritation.


Does your skin get red, blotchy, and irritated after you wash it? If so, you might have sensitive skin, or what I call angry skin. The number of women who describe their skin as being sensitive has doubled over the past 30 years; in fact, some surveys show that up to 60 percent of women describe their skin this way. Based on what I see in my patients, sensitive skin is often the result of the overuse of facial cleansers and other products that are too harsh and “active.” Here’s how to get clean without aggravating your skin:

Choose a gentle liquid or cream cleanser. Save the bar soaps for your armpits and feet; the suds will get you squeaky clean, but they can strip your skin of its natural oils, leaving it dry, tight, and itchy. In general, the more a cleanser foams, the more potentially irritating it is. Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser is a popular drugstore option, although it may not remove heavier makeup. Eucerin Redness Relief Soothing Cleanser contains licorice extract, which is a natural anti-inflammatory ingredient that’s been shown to reduce facial redness, including the redness of rosacea. For those who are trying to avoid sulfates (which are found in many soaps and detergents and can be irritating) and parabens (preservatives that can cause allergic reactions), Beauty Without Cruelty Extra Gentle Facial Cleansing Milk contains 100 percent vegetable ingredients, including vegetable glycerin and natural plant oils to help soften dry, irritated skin. Olay Daily Facials Wet Cleansing Cloths for Sensitive Skin are a time-saving option. Their soft texture won’t scratch delicate skin.

Watch the temperature. Hot water can cause more redness and irritation, so use lukewarm water and wash with fingertips, then pat dry with a soft towel.

Don’t overwash. Unless your skin is very oily (or you went to bed without washing your face), simply splash with water in the morning to get the sleep out of your eyes. This way, you won’t start off the day with red, flaky skin that’s hard to hide with makeup.


5 Tips for Natural Skin Care

Tip 1: Give Yourself a Dry Brush Exfoliation :
                    A dry brush exfoliation can be done in the morning before you shower. It eliminates dead skin cells and allows the skin to detox (skin is the largest organ of elimination). Dry brush exfoliation also improves lymph and blood circulation and decreases puffiness. An added benefit is that the gentle pressure is calming to the nervous system. To give yourself a dry brush exfoliation, you'll need a soft, natural bristle brush.


Tip 2: Rev Up Your Digestion :
                   In alternative medicine, good skin is a reflection of a good digestive system. People with skin disorders such as acne, rosacea, and psoriasis often suffer from constipation, imbalanced "good" vs. "bad" bacteria, leaky gut, and other digestive conditions

Some suggestions:
Add Whole Grains - Choose whole grain products over refined. Have brown rice instead of white or make            your own 50:50 combination.
An Apple a Day - Have an apple, skin on, as a snack.
Eat Cauliflower - Try this delicious Roasted Cauliflower recipe!
High-fiber snacks - Snack on nuts, seeds, and dried fruit, such as dates, figs, and prunes.
Eat Beans and Legumes - Open a can of your favorite beans or legumes. Rinse them well and add them to your meal.
Ground Flaxseeds - For any easy fiber boost, sprinkle ground flaxseeds (available at health food stores) on rice, salads, oatmeal, or any other meal. Store flaxseeds in the fridge.


Tip 3: Invigorate Sluggish Circulation :
                 Do you sit at your desk for hours, only getting up to go to the bathroom? One of the best things you can do for your skin, stress level, and overall health is to get moving! Inactivity may affect skin and promote bloating and puffiness, acne, cellulite, and loss of muscle tone. You'll learn more about exercise in Step 9 of the Wellness Makeover. Here are some quick
suggestions:
Take a quick break to go outside and walk around the block.
Book a massage therapy appointment.
Close your door and stretch.
Go to the gym.



Tip #4: Avoid Excess Sugar 
                 Most people do not realize this but excess sugar is considered one of the main causes of premature aging. The more sugar we eat, the more sugar we have entering our bloodstream. Over time, this can result in a process known as glycation, which is when a glucose (sugar) molecule damages a protein molecule by sticking to it. The new molecules formed are called advanced glycation end-products, or AGEs. AGEs damage collagen in skin, cartilage, and ligaments and promote a loss of elasticity. Wrinkles form and skin begins to sag.


Tip #5: Eat Some Good Fats
                  Essential fatty acids are simply fats your body cannot live without. They are needed to make cell membranes, hormones, and other body chemicals. Essential fats are thought to keep your heart healthy, fight inflammation, and possibly prevent cancer. They are also particularly important to people with inflammatory conditions such as eczema and acne, and also for people with dry skin. People with essential fat deficiency sometimes notice bumps on the backs of their arms.




Skin Care Naturally

Loofas and Dry Towels :
              There's nothing like a good old fashioned friction rubdown! A coarse, sponge-like "loofa" is great for this. A loofa is actually the dried center of a squash-like plant, which grows easily in a garden should you have the seeds and the inclination to grow bath-sponges. Loofas are sold at many drug stores for a few dollars. Brittle and dry when you buy it, the loofa softens somewhat when wet but remains an excellent skin toner.  While showering, just scrub with soap and the loofa and you'll see what I mean. Old dry and scaly skin is rubbed away and the friction will give you a healthy pink glow all over. If you finish your warm shower with a cool water rinse-off and then a dry towel rub-down, you will find it both relaxing and invigorating. If you scrub, and rub, towards the heart you'll be giving yourself a valuable massage.  Masseurs always work in the direction of the heart to stimulate blood flow in and below the skin. The direction would be up the arms and up the legs and then up the trunk 




Soaps :
             I think that simple, pure plain-old soap is best. After all, all soaps are basically the same anyway with added colors, fragrances, chemicals, fancy boxes and higher prices. As the founder of the large Pear's Soap company said a century ago, "Any fool can make soap. It takes a clever man to sell it." The best soap on the market is unquestionably still plain no-colors, no-perfume soap. You can use soap sparingly and still get very clean.  This is especially beneficial if a person is prone to dry skin. Supplementing the diet with vitamin E may also help you as much as it has helped my family's complexions. Soap really doesn't harm healthy skin, but so many people don't know what it's like to have healthy skin because of... here it comes again... because of an unnatural diet that doesn't nourish the skin in the first place. Beauty is not only skin deep: it goes from your nose to your toes and from inside out.

Skin Care Basics


          There are plenty of reasons to take good care of the skin you're in. This versatile organ forms a protective layer around your body, shielding it from germs, pollutants, heat, cold, UV exposure, and more. Now isn't that worthy of a little daily TLC?

Find the right regimen : 
          Different types of skin require different kinds of products and treatments, so figuring out what kind of skin you’ve got is key to buying the proper products and using them correctly. If you have dry skin, it’ll likely need help retaining moisture; oily or combination skin may benefit from an oil-free regimen. Skin-care treatments may also vary depending on whether your skin is fair, olive, or dark.

Fight the aging clock :
         Sure, aging is a part of life, but that doesn't mean we can't turn back the clock…a little. When it comes to keeping skin looking younger as we get older, a few simple habits can go a long way. The first step: Practice smart basic skin care with a daily regimen that focuses on maturing skin.

Shun the sun :
          With more than a million cases of skin cancer diagnosed in the United States each year, everyone under the sun — from beach beauties to snow bunnies — must practice safe sun strategies and wear sunscreen year-round.

Treat your skin well :
Caring for your skin can involve both basic steps and more specialized treatments. Some treatments you can do yourself, while others must be performed by a professional aesthetician or dermatologist